Pythagoras: His Life and Teaching, a Compendium of Classical Sources by James Wasserman, Thomas Stanley, Henry L. Drake, J Daniel Gunther Page B
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Pythagoreans were sacrificing in the Temple of Pythian Apollo, the people ran in tumultuously to do violence to them. But the Pythagoreans, being informed beforehand thereof, fled to the public hall.
Democedes, with the young men, went to Platea. But they, dissolving the laws, used decrees—whereby accusing Democedes of stirring up the young men to tyranny, they proclaimed, that whosoever did kill him should have in recompence three talents. And there being a fight, wherein he by the means of Theages was overcome, they gave him three talents out of the public treasury. But there arising many misfortunes in the city and country, the banished persons were called to judgment, and the examination thereof was committed to three cities (Tarentum, Metapontum, and Caulonia). Those who were put in commission thought good, as appears by the Crotonian records, to banish them. So they banished the whole generation, saying that the children ought not to be separated from their parents, and seized their estates.
But after many years, Dimachus and his friends being slain in another fight, and Litago also who was head of this faction, they took compassion on them, and resolved to call home those who were left. Wherefore sending for their ambassadors from Achaea, they made an agreement with the banished men, and hung up the copies of their oaths in the Temple of Delphi. The Pythagoreans who returned, were about threescore, besides those who were very aged, of whom some addicted themselves to medicine and cured the sick, and so became masters of that which is called “method.” Those who were restored grew into great favor with the people at that time, in which it was proverbially said in opposition to those who violate the laws, “These are not under the government of Nino.”
CHAPTER 24
T HE S UCCESSION OF H IS S CHOOL
T he successor of Pythagoras is by all acknowledged to have been Aristaeus, son of Damophon, a Crotonian who lived in the time of Pythagoras seven generations above Plato. Nor did he succeed in the school only, but in breeding the children of Pythagoras and in the marriage with Theano, for his eminent understanding of his opinions. He is said to have taught the doctrine of Pythagoras forty years together lacking one, living in all, near an hundred. Pythagoras assigned the school to Aristaeus as being the oldest. 262
Next him Mnesarchus, son of Pythagoras. He delivered it to Bulagoras, in whose time the city of Crotona was sacked. He was succeeded by Tidas, a Crotonian, returning from travels he began before the war. But he died with grief for the calamity of his country; whereas it was a common thing to others, when they were very old, to free themselves from the fetters of the body. Afterwards they took one of the Lucanians, saved by some strangers, to be the President of the school. To him came Diodorus the Aspendian, who was taken by reason of the scarcity of men in their college.
At Heraclea, Clinias and Philolaus. At Metapontum, Theorides and Eurytus. At Tarentum, Archytas. One of the external listeners to his discourse was Epicharmus, who was not of the College. Coming to Syracusa in the time of the tyranny of Hieron, he forbare publicly to profess philosophy; but he reduced the opinions of those men (the Pythagoreans) into verse, sportively divulging the abstruse doctrines of Pythagoras.
Of the Pythagoreans it is likely that many were obscure; the names of such as were eminent, are these:
Crotonians: Hippostatus Dymas, Aegon, Aemon, Silius, Cleosthenes, Agelas, Episylus, Phyciadas, Ecphanius, Timaeus, Buthius, Eratus, Itanaus, Phodippus, Bryas, Evander, Millias, Antimedon, Aegas, Leophron, Agylas, Onatus, Hipposthenes, Cleophron, Alcmaeon, Damocles, Milon, Meton.
Metapontines: Brontinus, Parmiscus, Arestadas, Leo, Damarmenos, Aeneas, Chilas, Melisias, Aristeas, Laphaon, Evander, Agesidamus, Xenocides, Euriphemus, Aristomenes, Agesarchus, Alcias, Xenophantes, Thraseos, Arytus, Epiphron, Eiriscus, Megistaes,
Democedes, with the young men, went to Platea. But they, dissolving the laws, used decrees—whereby accusing Democedes of stirring up the young men to tyranny, they proclaimed, that whosoever did kill him should have in recompence three talents. And there being a fight, wherein he by the means of Theages was overcome, they gave him three talents out of the public treasury. But there arising many misfortunes in the city and country, the banished persons were called to judgment, and the examination thereof was committed to three cities (Tarentum, Metapontum, and Caulonia). Those who were put in commission thought good, as appears by the Crotonian records, to banish them. So they banished the whole generation, saying that the children ought not to be separated from their parents, and seized their estates.
But after many years, Dimachus and his friends being slain in another fight, and Litago also who was head of this faction, they took compassion on them, and resolved to call home those who were left. Wherefore sending for their ambassadors from Achaea, they made an agreement with the banished men, and hung up the copies of their oaths in the Temple of Delphi. The Pythagoreans who returned, were about threescore, besides those who were very aged, of whom some addicted themselves to medicine and cured the sick, and so became masters of that which is called “method.” Those who were restored grew into great favor with the people at that time, in which it was proverbially said in opposition to those who violate the laws, “These are not under the government of Nino.”
CHAPTER 24
T HE S UCCESSION OF H IS S CHOOL
T he successor of Pythagoras is by all acknowledged to have been Aristaeus, son of Damophon, a Crotonian who lived in the time of Pythagoras seven generations above Plato. Nor did he succeed in the school only, but in breeding the children of Pythagoras and in the marriage with Theano, for his eminent understanding of his opinions. He is said to have taught the doctrine of Pythagoras forty years together lacking one, living in all, near an hundred. Pythagoras assigned the school to Aristaeus as being the oldest. 262
Next him Mnesarchus, son of Pythagoras. He delivered it to Bulagoras, in whose time the city of Crotona was sacked. He was succeeded by Tidas, a Crotonian, returning from travels he began before the war. But he died with grief for the calamity of his country; whereas it was a common thing to others, when they were very old, to free themselves from the fetters of the body. Afterwards they took one of the Lucanians, saved by some strangers, to be the President of the school. To him came Diodorus the Aspendian, who was taken by reason of the scarcity of men in their college.
At Heraclea, Clinias and Philolaus. At Metapontum, Theorides and Eurytus. At Tarentum, Archytas. One of the external listeners to his discourse was Epicharmus, who was not of the College. Coming to Syracusa in the time of the tyranny of Hieron, he forbare publicly to profess philosophy; but he reduced the opinions of those men (the Pythagoreans) into verse, sportively divulging the abstruse doctrines of Pythagoras.
Of the Pythagoreans it is likely that many were obscure; the names of such as were eminent, are these:
Crotonians: Hippostatus Dymas, Aegon, Aemon, Silius, Cleosthenes, Agelas, Episylus, Phyciadas, Ecphanius, Timaeus, Buthius, Eratus, Itanaus, Phodippus, Bryas, Evander, Millias, Antimedon, Aegas, Leophron, Agylas, Onatus, Hipposthenes, Cleophron, Alcmaeon, Damocles, Milon, Meton.
Metapontines: Brontinus, Parmiscus, Arestadas, Leo, Damarmenos, Aeneas, Chilas, Melisias, Aristeas, Laphaon, Evander, Agesidamus, Xenocides, Euriphemus, Aristomenes, Agesarchus, Alcias, Xenophantes, Thraseos, Arytus, Epiphron, Eiriscus, Megistaes,
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