Reformers to Radicals by Thomas Kiffmeyer Page A

supervisor David Cobb, this study would never have come to fruition. Thanks also to copyeditor Joseph Brown, who gave me more than a few grammar lessons.
    Still, the road is not all of the journey, so, before I slip my bicycle into its rack, I need to remember the people who assisted me in unexpected ways and made the trip worth taking. Paul D. Newman of the University of Pittsburgh–Johnstown is a brilliant historian, great friend, and relentless task master (I mean that positively). Thanks, Paul, for keeping the fire. Also at UPJ is Dan Santoro, who, along with Paul, gave me the opportunity to present my ideas to his classes. My students at Morehead State University, especially Jessica Pugh, Holly Beach, Tony Curtis, Phil Howard, and Valerie Edgeworth, provided the inspiration to keeping plugging away even while we discussed the Jacksonian era. Chad Berry, director of Berea College’sAppalachian Center, provided fantastic insights, as did the former Appalachian Volunteers and Council of the Southern Mountains members whom I interviewed all those years ago.
    A special thanks goes to the cats at the Drum Center of Lexington, especially the late Kevin Toole, another dear friend lost to cancer in 2007, and the folks at the Cave Run Bicycle and Outdoor Center, especially John and April Haight. These people provided the outlets needed—the escape—to refresh the brain.
    Finally, I would like to thank my family. Bill and Mary Jo Kiffmeyer and Bob and Audry Dwyer helped me financially and, more important, emotionally. Their support was crucial this last, most difficult year. Kathleen, Laura, and Theresa gave me the strength, courage, and drive required to finish this project. Without their love and support, on every level imaginable, I would not have completed it. This project is as much a part of their lives as it is of mine. Kathleen has sacrificed more than any one person should, and, while acknowledging this in no way comes close to paying the debt—really a debt that can never be paid—I hope that it is a start. Laura and Theresa have never known me to be doing much of anything else except writing this book (Laura actually sat through two days of War on Poverty discussions at the University of Virginia in November 2007—probably not a fifteen-year-old’s idea of a good time). I owe them time and attention, and I cannot wait to start repaying them—they deserve it. While I hope that I can learn from the past and make this world a better place, I pray that Laura and Theresa learn from my mistakes and make their world even better still.

Bibliography
Archival Sources
    Appalachian Volunteers Papers, Hutchins Library, Berea College, Berea, KY.
    Appalachian Volunteers Papers, Part II, Hutchins Library, Berea College, Berea, KY.
    Council of the Southern Mountains Papers, 1913–1970, Hutchins Library, Berea College, Berea, KY.
    Council of the Southern Mountains Papers, 1970–1989, Hutchins Library, Berea College, Berea, KY.
    Edward T. Breathitt Papers, Kentucky Department of Libraries and Archives, Frankfort, KY.
    Ford Foundation Grants Files, Ford Foundation Archives, Ford Foundation, New York.
    John D. Whisman Papers, Margaret I. King Library, University of Kentucky, Lexington.
    Office of Economic Opportunity Papers, National Archives II, College Park, MD.
    War on Poverty in Appalachian Kentucky Oral History Project, Margaret I. King Library, University of Kentucky, Lexington.
Primary Sources
    Acts of the General Assembly of the Commonwealth of Kentucky, 1968
, Frankfort, KY, 1969.
    Ayer, Jack. “College Volunteers to Serve Appalachia.”
Louisville Courier-Journal
, June 14, 1966.
    â€œBerea Sociologist Raps Welfare ‘for Free’ as Creating Dependency.”
Jackson County Sun
(McKee, KY), June 8, 1961, 1.
    Bigart, Homer. “Kentucky Miners: A Grim Winter.”
New York Times
, October 20, 1963, 1, 79.
    Boyd, Richard. “Appy Volunteers Are Accustomed to