The Red and the White: A Family Saga of the American West by Andrew R. Graybill Page B
Authors: Andrew R. Graybill
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181
“forlorn hope” expedition, 37
Fort Laramie, Treaty of, 171
Fort MacKenzie, August 28th 1833 (Bodmer), 44
Fort McKenzie Massacre, 76–77
Fort Union on the Missouri (Bodmer), 35
Fort Wayne, Ind., 59–60
Four Bears, see Clarke, E. Malcolm
“four hundred, the,” 164, 185
France, French:
in fur trade, 26–27
imperialistic goal of, 58
loss of Louisiana by, 10–13
U.S. alliance with, 58
Frohman, Daniel, 158
fur trade, 3, 5, 8–9, 59, 119, 163, 244
alcohol use and, 42
Astor in, 32–34
beaver in, 26–28, 31, 39
in Blackfeet country, 30–31
buffalo robes in, 39–40, 92
decline of, 91–92, 262
dressing of skins in, 8, 22
Indians in, 17, 33, 35–37, 35 , 41, 62
intermarriage and, 9, 48–50
M. Clarke in, 2, 8, 73–75, 78–79, 90, 91
Montana in, 10
in Piegan-white enmity, 28–29
Gallaudet, Thomas Hopkins, 220
Gallaudet College, 201, 220
Gallery of Outstanding Montanans, 7, 192, 236–37
Galpin, Fort, 91
Galveston, Tex., 70
gantlet, running of the, 63–64
Garfield, James A., 137
Garrison, William Lloyd, 137–40
Gates of the Mountains, 92
Gay, Jane, 170
General Allotment Act (Dawes Act;
Dawes Severalty Act; 1887), 166–67, 170, 171, 189
George Heavy Runner, 249
Germans, 32, 34, 40
Gettysburg, Battle of, 116, 118
gifts:
in Corps of Discovery expedition, 14, 16
in Indian culture, 279
white-Indian exchange of, 40
Glacier National Park, 205, 213, 216, 217, 222
conflicting visions for, 182–83
establishment of, 146, 178, 181–82, 182 , 200
N.Y. tourist promotion for, 187
renaming of landscape features at, 193–94
tourism at, 182–83, 187–88, 189–90, 225
Glacier Park Lodge, 6, 146–47, 182 , 183, 211, 217, 220, 223, 235
glaciers, glaciation, 176 , 177
Glencoe massacre (Scotland), 138
gold, lust for, 85–89, 92, 206, 266
Good Singing (Akseniski), 92–93
Grant, Johnny, 84
Grant, Ulysses S., 55, 93, 132, 273, 274, 275
“peace policy” of, 134–35
Grasshopper Creek, 86
Gray Eyes, 108
Gray Wolf, 123–24
Great Depression, 227, 231, 241
Great Falls, Mont., 121, 196, 200, 210, 215
Great Falls Leader Daily , 186
Great Falls Tribune , 186
Great Lakes, 20, 27, 33, 45, 48, 58, 84
Great Northern Railway, 6–7, 181–82, 182 , 187, 204, 212, 213, 222
debate over Rocky Mountain goat logo of, 211, 289
Grinnell, George Bird, 4, 177, 181–82, 194, 284
Gros Ventres, 96
Guggenheim, Mrs. Isaac, 183
guns:
in beaver hunting, 27
Indian culture transformed by, 24–25, 41
Guy Mannering (D. Terry), 157
haberdashery, 27, 39
Hagler, Lindsay, 55–56, 70–71, 75, 260
Haiti, 11
Half-Breed, The (Whitman), 82–83
“half-breed,” use of term, 7, 82–84, 154, 162
Halligan, Father, 192
Halvorson, Clara, 202
Hamilton, Alf, 148
Hardie, James A., 116–17
Harding, Warren G., 197
Harper’s Weekly , 133
Harrison, Benjamin, 171
Harrison, William Henry, 20
Hartford, Conn., 201
Harvey, Alexander, 75–78, 81, 89, 91, 92, 260
HBC blanket, 28, 251
Heavy Runner, 108–9, 129, 145, 150
Baker’s attack on, 107, 119 , 121, 125–27, 147
in heirs’ compensation claim, 148–51
mistaken identity and death of, 125–27, 148, 150, 161
Helena, Mont., 1–3, 87, 92, 97, 103, 104, 105, 110, 112, 117, 121, 151, 185, 201
J. L. Clarke’s carving demonstration and sale in, 219, 239
State Capitol at, 236
Helena Daily Herald , 130, 161
Helena grade school, 159, 193
Helena Woman’s Club, 211
Helen Lake, 194
Henday, Anthony, 28
Henry (Helen Clarke’s lover), 160–61, 169
Hidatsas, 16, 25–26
Highwood, Mont., 199
Highwood Mountains, 146
Hilger, David, 150 , 151–52
Hill, Louis W., 181–84, 187, 190, 204–5, 212
J. L. Clarke’s commissioned work for, 211
Hispanic Society of America, 220, 222
Hitler, Adolf, 218
Hooker, Joseph, 116
horse racing, 90
horses:
Indian culture transformed by, 22–25, 23 , 41, 229
theft of, 16, 17, 23–25, 94, 99, 100, 108, 129, 148
wealth measured in, 24–25, 56, 94, 148
House of Representatives, U.S., 166
army appropriations bill in,
“forlorn hope” expedition, 37
Fort Laramie, Treaty of, 171
Fort MacKenzie, August 28th 1833 (Bodmer), 44
Fort McKenzie Massacre, 76–77
Fort Union on the Missouri (Bodmer), 35
Fort Wayne, Ind., 59–60
Four Bears, see Clarke, E. Malcolm
“four hundred, the,” 164, 185
France, French:
in fur trade, 26–27
imperialistic goal of, 58
loss of Louisiana by, 10–13
U.S. alliance with, 58
Frohman, Daniel, 158
fur trade, 3, 5, 8–9, 59, 119, 163, 244
alcohol use and, 42
Astor in, 32–34
beaver in, 26–28, 31, 39
in Blackfeet country, 30–31
buffalo robes in, 39–40, 92
decline of, 91–92, 262
dressing of skins in, 8, 22
Indians in, 17, 33, 35–37, 35 , 41, 62
intermarriage and, 9, 48–50
M. Clarke in, 2, 8, 73–75, 78–79, 90, 91
Montana in, 10
in Piegan-white enmity, 28–29
Gallaudet, Thomas Hopkins, 220
Gallaudet College, 201, 220
Gallery of Outstanding Montanans, 7, 192, 236–37
Galpin, Fort, 91
Galveston, Tex., 70
gantlet, running of the, 63–64
Garfield, James A., 137
Garrison, William Lloyd, 137–40
Gates of the Mountains, 92
Gay, Jane, 170
General Allotment Act (Dawes Act;
Dawes Severalty Act; 1887), 166–67, 170, 171, 189
George Heavy Runner, 249
Germans, 32, 34, 40
Gettysburg, Battle of, 116, 118
gifts:
in Corps of Discovery expedition, 14, 16
in Indian culture, 279
white-Indian exchange of, 40
Glacier National Park, 205, 213, 216, 217, 222
conflicting visions for, 182–83
establishment of, 146, 178, 181–82, 182 , 200
N.Y. tourist promotion for, 187
renaming of landscape features at, 193–94
tourism at, 182–83, 187–88, 189–90, 225
Glacier Park Lodge, 6, 146–47, 182 , 183, 211, 217, 220, 223, 235
glaciers, glaciation, 176 , 177
Glencoe massacre (Scotland), 138
gold, lust for, 85–89, 92, 206, 266
Good Singing (Akseniski), 92–93
Grant, Johnny, 84
Grant, Ulysses S., 55, 93, 132, 273, 274, 275
“peace policy” of, 134–35
Grasshopper Creek, 86
Gray Eyes, 108
Gray Wolf, 123–24
Great Depression, 227, 231, 241
Great Falls, Mont., 121, 196, 200, 210, 215
Great Falls Leader Daily , 186
Great Falls Tribune , 186
Great Lakes, 20, 27, 33, 45, 48, 58, 84
Great Northern Railway, 6–7, 181–82, 182 , 187, 204, 212, 213, 222
debate over Rocky Mountain goat logo of, 211, 289
Grinnell, George Bird, 4, 177, 181–82, 194, 284
Gros Ventres, 96
Guggenheim, Mrs. Isaac, 183
guns:
in beaver hunting, 27
Indian culture transformed by, 24–25, 41
Guy Mannering (D. Terry), 157
haberdashery, 27, 39
Hagler, Lindsay, 55–56, 70–71, 75, 260
Haiti, 11
Half-Breed, The (Whitman), 82–83
“half-breed,” use of term, 7, 82–84, 154, 162
Halligan, Father, 192
Halvorson, Clara, 202
Hamilton, Alf, 148
Hardie, James A., 116–17
Harding, Warren G., 197
Harper’s Weekly , 133
Harrison, Benjamin, 171
Harrison, William Henry, 20
Hartford, Conn., 201
Harvey, Alexander, 75–78, 81, 89, 91, 92, 260
HBC blanket, 28, 251
Heavy Runner, 108–9, 129, 145, 150
Baker’s attack on, 107, 119 , 121, 125–27, 147
in heirs’ compensation claim, 148–51
mistaken identity and death of, 125–27, 148, 150, 161
Helena, Mont., 1–3, 87, 92, 97, 103, 104, 105, 110, 112, 117, 121, 151, 185, 201
J. L. Clarke’s carving demonstration and sale in, 219, 239
State Capitol at, 236
Helena Daily Herald , 130, 161
Helena grade school, 159, 193
Helena Woman’s Club, 211
Helen Lake, 194
Henday, Anthony, 28
Henry (Helen Clarke’s lover), 160–61, 169
Hidatsas, 16, 25–26
Highwood, Mont., 199
Highwood Mountains, 146
Hilger, David, 150 , 151–52
Hill, Louis W., 181–84, 187, 190, 204–5, 212
J. L. Clarke’s commissioned work for, 211
Hispanic Society of America, 220, 222
Hitler, Adolf, 218
Hooker, Joseph, 116
horse racing, 90
horses:
Indian culture transformed by, 22–25, 23 , 41, 229
theft of, 16, 17, 23–25, 94, 99, 100, 108, 129, 148
wealth measured in, 24–25, 56, 94, 148
House of Representatives, U.S., 166
army appropriations bill in,
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