U.S. Army Special Forces Guide to Unconventional Warfare by Department of the Army Page A
Authors: Department of the Army
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by volume of wax and 0.1 part by volume of saturated lye solution. Stir contents as before. Store in an airtight container until ready to use.
Note. In addition to the listed waxes, the following may be used: candelilla wax, carnauba (Brazil) wax, Chinese (insect) wax, Japan (sumac) wax, montan (lignite) wax, and palm wax.
d. Application . See paragraph 0303.1.
0303.8 ANIMAL BLOOD SYSTEMS
a . Description . See paragraph 0303.1.
b. Material and Equipment.
c. Preparation.
Animal blood serum.
( a ) Slit animalâs throat by jugular vein. Hang upside down to drain.
( b ) Place coagulated (lumpy) blood in a cloth or on a screen and catch the red fluid (serum) which drains through.
( c ) Store in a cool place if possible.
Caution: Animal blood can cause infections. Do not get aged animal blood or the serum into an open cut.
Preparation of gelled gasoline.
(a) Pour the animal bolod serum into a clean container and add the gasoline.
Caution: Keep material away from open flames.
( b ) Add the lime and stir the mixture for a few minutes until a firm gel forms. Store in an air-tight container until ready to use.
Note. Egg white may be substituted for up to ½ of the animal blood serum.
d . Application . See paragraph 0303.1.
0304. PARAFFIN-SAWDUST
a. Description.
This item consists of a mixture of paraffin wax and sawdust. It is easily prepared and safe to carry. It is used to ignite wooden structures including heavy beams and timbers. It will also ignite paper, rags and other tinder type materials to build larger fires.
This incendiary can be safely ignited by a match flame. However, any igniter listed in chapter 3 can be used in conjunction with specific delay mechanisms in chapter 5 for delayed ignition of this incendiary.
All or part of the paraffin wax may be replaced by beeswax but not by vegetable or animal fats or greases.
b. Material and Equipment.
Paraffin wax, beeswax, or wax obtained by melting candles.
Sawdust.
Source of heat (stove, hot plate).
Pot.
Spoon or stick for stirring.
c. Preparation.
Put enough wax in the pot so that it is about half full.
Heat the pot on a stove or hot plate until the wax melts.
Remove the heated pot from the stove or hot plate and shut off the source of heat. Add the sawdust to the melted wax until the pot is nearly full. Stir the mixture with a spoon or stick for a few minutes, being sure there is no layer of wax at the bottom of the pot which has not been mixed with the sawdust.
While the mixture is in a fluid state, pour it into a waxed paper carton or other container. Upon cooling, the wax mixture will harden and take the shape of the container. The mixture can be stored for months without losing its effectiveness. If it becomes wet, it will be effective again when it is dried.
A less effective incendiary may be made by melting some paraffin or beeswax, dipping sheets of paper in the molten wax for a few seconds, and removing the paper to let the wax harden. This waxed paper lights readily from a match. Although not as hot or persistent or the paraffin-sawdust mixture, the waxed paper is an excellent incendiary and may be substituted in many instances for initiating readily ignitable materials. The paper may be wadded up, folded, or torn into strips.
d. Application.
Place about a quart of the mixture in a paper bag and put the bag down on the object to be burned. A match may be used to ignite the bag which will then ignite the paraffin-sawdust mixture. The fire starts very slowly so there is no hazard involved, and it usually takes two or three minutes before the paraffin-sawdust mixture is burning strongly. This, of course, is a disadvantage where a hot fire is required quickly. Once started, however, this mixture burns vigorously because the paraffin itself gives a fairly hot flame and the sawdust acts like charcoal to increase the destructive effect.
Where very large wooden beams or structures are to be burned use more of the mixture. A bag containing two or
Note. In addition to the listed waxes, the following may be used: candelilla wax, carnauba (Brazil) wax, Chinese (insect) wax, Japan (sumac) wax, montan (lignite) wax, and palm wax.
d. Application . See paragraph 0303.1.
0303.8 ANIMAL BLOOD SYSTEMS
a . Description . See paragraph 0303.1.
b. Material and Equipment.
c. Preparation.
Animal blood serum.
( a ) Slit animalâs throat by jugular vein. Hang upside down to drain.
( b ) Place coagulated (lumpy) blood in a cloth or on a screen and catch the red fluid (serum) which drains through.
( c ) Store in a cool place if possible.
Caution: Animal blood can cause infections. Do not get aged animal blood or the serum into an open cut.
Preparation of gelled gasoline.
(a) Pour the animal bolod serum into a clean container and add the gasoline.
Caution: Keep material away from open flames.
( b ) Add the lime and stir the mixture for a few minutes until a firm gel forms. Store in an air-tight container until ready to use.
Note. Egg white may be substituted for up to ½ of the animal blood serum.
d . Application . See paragraph 0303.1.
0304. PARAFFIN-SAWDUST
a. Description.
This item consists of a mixture of paraffin wax and sawdust. It is easily prepared and safe to carry. It is used to ignite wooden structures including heavy beams and timbers. It will also ignite paper, rags and other tinder type materials to build larger fires.
This incendiary can be safely ignited by a match flame. However, any igniter listed in chapter 3 can be used in conjunction with specific delay mechanisms in chapter 5 for delayed ignition of this incendiary.
All or part of the paraffin wax may be replaced by beeswax but not by vegetable or animal fats or greases.
b. Material and Equipment.
Paraffin wax, beeswax, or wax obtained by melting candles.
Sawdust.
Source of heat (stove, hot plate).
Pot.
Spoon or stick for stirring.
c. Preparation.
Put enough wax in the pot so that it is about half full.
Heat the pot on a stove or hot plate until the wax melts.
Remove the heated pot from the stove or hot plate and shut off the source of heat. Add the sawdust to the melted wax until the pot is nearly full. Stir the mixture with a spoon or stick for a few minutes, being sure there is no layer of wax at the bottom of the pot which has not been mixed with the sawdust.
While the mixture is in a fluid state, pour it into a waxed paper carton or other container. Upon cooling, the wax mixture will harden and take the shape of the container. The mixture can be stored for months without losing its effectiveness. If it becomes wet, it will be effective again when it is dried.
A less effective incendiary may be made by melting some paraffin or beeswax, dipping sheets of paper in the molten wax for a few seconds, and removing the paper to let the wax harden. This waxed paper lights readily from a match. Although not as hot or persistent or the paraffin-sawdust mixture, the waxed paper is an excellent incendiary and may be substituted in many instances for initiating readily ignitable materials. The paper may be wadded up, folded, or torn into strips.
d. Application.
Place about a quart of the mixture in a paper bag and put the bag down on the object to be burned. A match may be used to ignite the bag which will then ignite the paraffin-sawdust mixture. The fire starts very slowly so there is no hazard involved, and it usually takes two or three minutes before the paraffin-sawdust mixture is burning strongly. This, of course, is a disadvantage where a hot fire is required quickly. Once started, however, this mixture burns vigorously because the paraffin itself gives a fairly hot flame and the sawdust acts like charcoal to increase the destructive effect.
Where very large wooden beams or structures are to be burned use more of the mixture. A bag containing two or
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