Jurassic Park by Michael Crichton
Authors: Michael Crichton
Tags: Fiction, General, Science-Fiction, adventure, Media Tie-In - General, Media Tie-In, Juvenile Nonfiction, Thrillers, Juvenile Fiction, Science Fiction - General, Fiction - Science Fiction, Animals, Technological, Cloning, Movie, Tv Tie-Ins, Movie-TV Tie-In - General, Dinosaurs & Prehistoric Creatures, Clones and cloning, Dinosaurs, Amusement parks
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"I'd have to look," Grant said. "But it was around then. Mid-eighties."
"And you know Hammond as just a rich dinosaur enthusiast."
"Yes."
Morris made another note.
"Look," Grant said. "If the EPA is so concerned about John Hammond and what he's doing-the dinosaur sites in the north, the amber purchases, the island in Costa Rica-why don't you 'ust ask him about it?"
"At the moment, we can't," Morris said. "Why not?" Grant said.
"Because we don't have any evidence of wrongdoing," Morris said. "But personally, I think it's clear John Hammond is evading the law."
"I was first contacted," Morris explained, "by the Office of Technology Transfer. The OTT monitors shipments of American technology which might have military significance. They called to say that InGen had two areas of possible illegal technology transfer. First, InGen shipped three Cray XMPs to Costa Rica. InGen characterized it as transfer within corporate divisions, and said they weren't for resale. But OTT couldn't imagine why the hell somebody'd need that power in Costa Rica."
"Three Crays," Grant said. "is that a kind of computer?"
Morris nodded. "Very powerful supercomputers. To put it in perspective, three Crays represent more computing power than any other privately held company in America. And InGen sent the machines to Costa Rica. You have to wonder why."
"I give up. Why?" Grant said.
"Nobody knows. And the Hoods are even more worrisome," Morris continued. "Hoods are automated gene sequencers-machines that work out the genetic code by themselves. They're so new that they haven't been put on the restricted lists yet. But any genetic engineering lab is likely to have one, if it can afford the half-million-dollar price tag." He flipped through his notes. "Well, it seems InGen shipped twenty-four Hood sequencers to their island in Costa Rica.
"Again, they said it was a transfer within divisions and not an export," Morris said. "There wasn't much that OTT could do. They're not officially concerned with use. But InGen was obviously setting up one of the most powerful genetic engineering facilities in the world in an obscure Central American country. A country with no regulations. That kind of thing has happened before."
There had already been cases of American bioenginecring companies moving to another country so they would not be hampered by regulations and rules. The most flagrant, Morris explained, was the Biosyn rabies case.
In 1986, Genetic Biosyn Corporation of Cupertino tested a bioengineered rabies vaccine on a farm in Chile. They didn't inform the government of Chile, or the farm workers involved. They simply released the vaccine.
The vaccine consisted of live rabies virus, genetically modified to be nonvirulent. But the virulence hadn't been tested; Biosyn didn't know whether the virus could still cause rabies or not. Even worse, the virus had been modified. Ordinarily you couldn't contract rabies unless you were bitten by an animal. But Biosyn modified the rabies virus to cross the pulmonary alveoli; you could get an infection just inhaling it. Biosyn staffers brought this live rabies virus down to Chile in a carry-on bag on a commercial airline flight. Morris often wondered what would have happened if the capsule had broken open during the flight. Everybody on the plane might have been infected with rabies.
It was outrageous. It was irresponsible. It was criminally negligent. But no action was taken against Biosyn. The Chilean farmers who unwittingly risked their lives were ignorant peasants; the government of Chile had an economic crisis to worry about; and the American authorities had no jurisdiction. So Lewis Dodgson, the geneticist responsible for the test, was still working at Biosyn. Biosyn was still as reckless as ever. And other American companies were hurrying to set up facilities in foreign
"I'd have to look," Grant said. "But it was around then. Mid-eighties."
"And you know Hammond as just a rich dinosaur enthusiast."
"Yes."
Morris made another note.
"Look," Grant said. "If the EPA is so concerned about John Hammond and what he's doing-the dinosaur sites in the north, the amber purchases, the island in Costa Rica-why don't you 'ust ask him about it?"
"At the moment, we can't," Morris said. "Why not?" Grant said.
"Because we don't have any evidence of wrongdoing," Morris said. "But personally, I think it's clear John Hammond is evading the law."
"I was first contacted," Morris explained, "by the Office of Technology Transfer. The OTT monitors shipments of American technology which might have military significance. They called to say that InGen had two areas of possible illegal technology transfer. First, InGen shipped three Cray XMPs to Costa Rica. InGen characterized it as transfer within corporate divisions, and said they weren't for resale. But OTT couldn't imagine why the hell somebody'd need that power in Costa Rica."
"Three Crays," Grant said. "is that a kind of computer?"
Morris nodded. "Very powerful supercomputers. To put it in perspective, three Crays represent more computing power than any other privately held company in America. And InGen sent the machines to Costa Rica. You have to wonder why."
"I give up. Why?" Grant said.
"Nobody knows. And the Hoods are even more worrisome," Morris continued. "Hoods are automated gene sequencers-machines that work out the genetic code by themselves. They're so new that they haven't been put on the restricted lists yet. But any genetic engineering lab is likely to have one, if it can afford the half-million-dollar price tag." He flipped through his notes. "Well, it seems InGen shipped twenty-four Hood sequencers to their island in Costa Rica.
"Again, they said it was a transfer within divisions and not an export," Morris said. "There wasn't much that OTT could do. They're not officially concerned with use. But InGen was obviously setting up one of the most powerful genetic engineering facilities in the world in an obscure Central American country. A country with no regulations. That kind of thing has happened before."
There had already been cases of American bioenginecring companies moving to another country so they would not be hampered by regulations and rules. The most flagrant, Morris explained, was the Biosyn rabies case.
In 1986, Genetic Biosyn Corporation of Cupertino tested a bioengineered rabies vaccine on a farm in Chile. They didn't inform the government of Chile, or the farm workers involved. They simply released the vaccine.
The vaccine consisted of live rabies virus, genetically modified to be nonvirulent. But the virulence hadn't been tested; Biosyn didn't know whether the virus could still cause rabies or not. Even worse, the virus had been modified. Ordinarily you couldn't contract rabies unless you were bitten by an animal. But Biosyn modified the rabies virus to cross the pulmonary alveoli; you could get an infection just inhaling it. Biosyn staffers brought this live rabies virus down to Chile in a carry-on bag on a commercial airline flight. Morris often wondered what would have happened if the capsule had broken open during the flight. Everybody on the plane might have been infected with rabies.
It was outrageous. It was irresponsible. It was criminally negligent. But no action was taken against Biosyn. The Chilean farmers who unwittingly risked their lives were ignorant peasants; the government of Chile had an economic crisis to worry about; and the American authorities had no jurisdiction. So Lewis Dodgson, the geneticist responsible for the test, was still working at Biosyn. Biosyn was still as reckless as ever. And other American companies were hurrying to set up facilities in foreign