have a very bad effect on its numbers. OIL DRILLING Oil is already big business in the Arctic and the oil and gas industry is set to expand in the future. Polar bears can end up consuming chemicals from oil spills through grooming themselves or eating contaminated animals. Even a small amount of oil can kill a polar bear. PREDATORS Humans are the polar bearsâ only predator. In the past, hunting was the greatest threat to the bears but this is now restricted by the International Agreement on the Conservation of Polar Bears and their Habitat. Itâs not all bad news! The World Wildlife Fund is working to tackle climate change and stop the melting of the polar bearsâ sea ice habitat. They are also working to protect the Norwegian and Russian Arctic Sea from the pollution caused by shipping, fishing and oil and gas drilling.