definitive description as found in TT (p. 160): 'A peak and isle of rock it was, black, and gleaming hard; four mighty piers of many-sided stone were welded into one, but near the summit they opened into (Orthanc '2', '3' and '4'.)
(Orthanc '5'.)
gaping horns, their pinnacles sharp as the points of spears, keen-edged as knives'. The only difference here from the final text is that my father first wrote that the top of Orthanc was three hundred feet above the plain; but this was changed, perhaps at once, to five hundred as in TT.
On this rider he wrote: 'to fit Picture (5)', which is reproduced on p. 34. Here the conception is radically changed, and the 'horns', now four, are no longer a device surmounting the tower of diminishing cylindrical tiers but are integral to the marvellous structure of Orthanc.(26)
The successive versions of the description of the tower differ in the statements made about the name Orthanc (the earliest statement on the subject appears in a rejected note to the manuscript of 'Treebeard', VII.419: 'It is not perhaps mere chance that Orthanc which in Elvish means "a spike of rock" is in the tongue of Rohan "a machine".'). The preliminary draft, following description 'A', has: This was Orthanc, the citadel of Saruman, the name of which had double meaning (by design or chance); for in the tongue of the Mark Orthanc signified cunning craft, invention, (machine such as those have who fashion machines), but in the elvish speech it means the stony heart, [? tormented] hill.
The original text of the first completed manuscript, following description 'B', has:
... for in the language of the Mark orthanc signified 'cunning craft', but in the elvish speech it means 'Stone Fang'.
To this 'Cloven-hill' was added subsequently - when the conception of the great cleft in the basal cone arose. Following the description ('D') of that conception the statement about the meaning of the name is the final form: 'for in the elvish speech orthanc signifies Mount Fang, but in the language of the Mark of old the Cunning Mind.' It may be therefore that the translation 'Mount Fang' actually arose in association with the description of the cone as cloven 'into two great fangs'.
From here on the text of TT was reached at almost all points in the manuscript of this version to the end of the chapter (27) but there are some interesting points in the preliminary drafting.
Gandalf's reply to the opening address of Merry (who declares himself 'Meriadoc, Caradoc's son of Buckland'), ending 'or doubtless he would hasten hither to welcome such honourable guests', originally took this form:
'Doubtless he would,' laughed Gandalf. 'But what he would say to find two young hobbits mocking him before his gates I do not know. Doubtless it was he that ordered you to guard his doors and watch for their arrival.'
Pippin's first observation and its effect on the Riders went thus:
'... Here we are sitting on the field of victory amid the plundered ruins of an arsenal and you wonder where we came by this and that.'
All those of the Riders that were near laughed, and none more loudly than Theoden.
Theoden's loud laughter remained into the completed manuscript, but then his gravity (at least of bearing) was restored and it was removed.
The dialogue concerning hobbits went like this in the draft:
'... This day is fated to be filled with marvels: for here I see alive yet others of the folk of story: the half-high.'
'Hobbits, if you please, lord,' said Pippin.
'Hobbits,' said Theoden. 'Hoppettan?(28) I will try to remember.
No tale that I have heard does them justice.'
In the completed manuscript Theoden said: 'Hobbits? It is a strange name, but I will not forget it.' In the preliminary draft he said subsequently: 'all that is told among us is that away in the North over many hills and rivers (over the sea say some) dwell the half-high folk,
[holbylta(n)>] holbytlan that dwell in holes in sand-dunes...' This is where the word
(Orthanc '5'.)
gaping horns, their pinnacles sharp as the points of spears, keen-edged as knives'. The only difference here from the final text is that my father first wrote that the top of Orthanc was three hundred feet above the plain; but this was changed, perhaps at once, to five hundred as in TT.
On this rider he wrote: 'to fit Picture (5)', which is reproduced on p. 34. Here the conception is radically changed, and the 'horns', now four, are no longer a device surmounting the tower of diminishing cylindrical tiers but are integral to the marvellous structure of Orthanc.(26)
The successive versions of the description of the tower differ in the statements made about the name Orthanc (the earliest statement on the subject appears in a rejected note to the manuscript of 'Treebeard', VII.419: 'It is not perhaps mere chance that Orthanc which in Elvish means "a spike of rock" is in the tongue of Rohan "a machine".'). The preliminary draft, following description 'A', has: This was Orthanc, the citadel of Saruman, the name of which had double meaning (by design or chance); for in the tongue of the Mark Orthanc signified cunning craft, invention, (machine such as those have who fashion machines), but in the elvish speech it means the stony heart, [? tormented] hill.
The original text of the first completed manuscript, following description 'B', has:
... for in the language of the Mark orthanc signified 'cunning craft', but in the elvish speech it means 'Stone Fang'.
To this 'Cloven-hill' was added subsequently - when the conception of the great cleft in the basal cone arose. Following the description ('D') of that conception the statement about the meaning of the name is the final form: 'for in the elvish speech orthanc signifies Mount Fang, but in the language of the Mark of old the Cunning Mind.' It may be therefore that the translation 'Mount Fang' actually arose in association with the description of the cone as cloven 'into two great fangs'.
From here on the text of TT was reached at almost all points in the manuscript of this version to the end of the chapter (27) but there are some interesting points in the preliminary drafting.
Gandalf's reply to the opening address of Merry (who declares himself 'Meriadoc, Caradoc's son of Buckland'), ending 'or doubtless he would hasten hither to welcome such honourable guests', originally took this form:
'Doubtless he would,' laughed Gandalf. 'But what he would say to find two young hobbits mocking him before his gates I do not know. Doubtless it was he that ordered you to guard his doors and watch for their arrival.'
Pippin's first observation and its effect on the Riders went thus:
'... Here we are sitting on the field of victory amid the plundered ruins of an arsenal and you wonder where we came by this and that.'
All those of the Riders that were near laughed, and none more loudly than Theoden.
Theoden's loud laughter remained into the completed manuscript, but then his gravity (at least of bearing) was restored and it was removed.
The dialogue concerning hobbits went like this in the draft:
'... This day is fated to be filled with marvels: for here I see alive yet others of the folk of story: the half-high.'
'Hobbits, if you please, lord,' said Pippin.
'Hobbits,' said Theoden. 'Hoppettan?(28) I will try to remember.
No tale that I have heard does them justice.'
In the completed manuscript Theoden said: 'Hobbits? It is a strange name, but I will not forget it.' In the preliminary draft he said subsequently: 'all that is told among us is that away in the North over many hills and rivers (over the sea say some) dwell the half-high folk,
[holbylta(n)>] holbytlan that dwell in holes in sand-dunes...' This is where the word
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