What Hath God Wrought by Daniel Walker Howe Page B

(1998) and Amelie Kass, Midwifery and Medicine in Boston (2002). Marie Jenkins Schwartz, Birthing a Slave (2006) is broader than its title might suggest. For more comprehensive accounts, see John Duffy, From Humors to Medical Science (1993); James Cassedy, Medicine in America (1991) and American Medicine and Statistical Thinking (1984); John S. Haller, American Medicine in Transition (1981); William Rothstein, American Medical Schools and the Practice of Medicine (1987); and G. B. Rushman et al., A Short History of Anaesthesia (1996). For the life of the country doctor, see Steven Stowe, Doctoring the South (2004); and for hospitals, Charles Rosenberg, The Care of Strangers (1987). The struggle between orthodox medicine and various alternatives is described in Joseph Kett, The Formation of the American Medical Profession (1968); Jayme Sokolow, Eros and Modernization (1983); and Stephen Nissenbaum, Sylvester Graham and Health Reform (1980). On African American folk medicine, see Sharla Fett, Working Cures (2002).
    On the debates over slavery, see Stephen Haynes, Noah’s Curse (2002) and Drew Faust, A Sacred Circle (1977) and Southern Stories (1992). For the relationship of southern evangelical religion to slavery, see Anne Loveland, Southern Evangelicals and the Social Order (1980); John Daly, When Slavery was Called Freedom (2002); and Elizabeth Fox-Genovese and Eugene Genovese, The Mind of the Master Class (2005).
    On the Panics of 1837 and 1839, see Peter Temin, The Jacksonian Economy (1969); John McFaul, The Politics of Jacksonian Finance (1972); Herbert Sloan, Principle and Interest (1995); William Shade, Banks or No Banks (1972); Edwin Dodd, American Business Corporations until 1860 (1954); and Douglass North, The Economic Growth of the United States (1961). More recent scholarship is presented in Peter Rousseau, “Jacksonian Monetary Policy, Specie Flows, and the Panic of 1837,” Journal of Economic History 62 (2002): 457–88.
    The Cambridge Economic History of the United States , ed. Stanley Engerman and Robert Gallman (Cambridge, Eng., 1996–2000), vol. II: The Long Nineteenth Century is an authoritative and up-to-date collection of essays. Other useful anthologies are Paul Gilje, ed., Wages of Independence: Capitalism in the Early American Republic (1997); Thomas Weiss and Donald Schaefer, eds., American Economic Development in Historical Perspective (1994); and Stanley Engerman and Robert Gallman, eds., Long-term Factors in American Economic Growth (1986). Stephen Usselman, Regulating Railroad Innovation (2002) is much broader than its title might suggest. On the growth of manufacturing, see Otto Mayr and Robert Post, eds., Yankee Enterprise: The Rise of the American System of Manufactures (1981); Thomas Cochran, Frontiers of Change: Early American Industrialization (1981); Cynthia Shelton, The Mills of Manayunk (1986); Ruth Schwartz Cowan, A Social History of American Technology (1997); Gary Kornblith, ed., The Industrial Revolution in America (1998); Colleen Dunlavy, Politics and Industrialization: Early Railroads in the United States and Prussia (1994); Peter Temin, Engines of Enterprise (2000); and, for its impact on American values, John Kasson, Civilizing the Machine (1976). Technical but rewarding are Robert Gallman and John Wallis, eds., American Economic Growth and Standards of Living Before the Civil War (1992) and Mary Rose, Firms, Networks, and Business Values: The British and American Cotton Industries Since 1750 (2000).
    For the history of labor, both organized and otherwise, see Walter Hugins, Jacksonian Democracy and the Working Class (1960); Sean Wilentz, Chants Democratic (1984); Herbert Gutman, Work, Culture, and Society in Industrializing America (1976); Alan Dawley, Class and Community: The Industrial Revolution in Lynn (1976); Bruce Laurie, Artisans into Workers (1989); Christopher Tomlins, Law, Labor, and Ideology in the Early American Republic (1993); Richard Stott, Workers in the