Padua: Cedam, 1975, p. 88.
121 H. Rousso, ‘Vichy, il grande fossato’, with an Introduction by C. Pavone in
Rivista di storia contemporanea
XIV (1985), p. 593 (original edition, ‘Vichy, le grand fossé’, in
Vingtième siècle
[January–March 1985], 5).
122 On this point see C. Pavone, ‘La continuità dello Stato’, in R. Paci, ed.,
Scritti storici in onore di Enzo Piscitelli
, Padua: Antenore, 1982, pp. 537–68, and C. Pavone, ‘Tre governi e due occupazioni’, in
L’Italia nella seconda guerra mondiale e nella Resistenza
, pp. 423–52.
123 This is what Mauro Scoccimarro wrote from Rome to the Milan headquarters, 5 October 1943 (in L. Longo,
I Centri dirigenti del PCI nella Resistenza
, Rome: Riuniti, 1974, p. 58). See also ‘Per l’unità del popolo italiano nella lotta contro il nazismo e il fascismo’, in
L’Unità
, Roman edition, 29 September 1943. This article speaks of the ‘profound marks’ left ‘in the mind of the Italians’ by the period 25 July–10 September and by the collapse of the ruling class.
124 On 27 September the Milan edition of
L’Avanti!
published an article entitled ‘Coraggio’, which read: ‘A whole civilisation is being wiped out, a whole capitalistic order with its economically costly and morally absurd contradictions is falling and will not raise itself again.’ The influence of the ex-members of the Movimento di Unità Proletaria [Movement of Proletarian Unity] (Lelio Basso) on this kind of judgment is stressed by F. Taddei,
Il socialismo italiano del dopoguerra. Correnti ideologiche e scelte politiche (1943–1947)
, Milan: Franco Angeli, 1984, p. 49.
125 Article entitled ‘Ribelli’, in
Il Ribelle
, 24 March 1944.
126 G. Pintor, ‘Il colpo di Stato del 25 luglio’, written in Naples in October 1943 and published in New York’s
Quaderni Italiani
, IV, 1944; now in G. Pintor,
Il sangue d’Europa (1939-1943)
, collected writings, ed. V. Gerratana, Turin: Einaudi, 1950, pp. 225–41 (the extract quoted is on p. 241).
127 Articles in
L’Italia Libera
, Roman edition, ‘I volontari della libertà’ (27 January 1944), and ‘Responsibilità (11 November 1943 – then reprinted in Turin as well).
128 Artom,
Diari
, p. 75 (Turin, 9 September).
129 Testimony by Settimio Piemonti, in Portelli,
Biografia di una citt
à, p. 18.
130 Minutes of the ‘meeting of the party representatives’ of some Padua factories, 18 March 1945. The episode in the text is recalled by a worker of Breda (IG,
Archivio PCI
; the document is partly published, though excluding the part cited above, in C. Pavone,
Le Brigate Garibaldi
III, pp. 490–4).
131 Testimony by Teresa Cirio, Bruzzone and Farina, eds,
La Resistenza taciuta
, pp. 79–80.
132 See N. Paruta (F. Venturi), ‘La crisi italiana (25 luglio–8 settembre)’,
Quaderni dell’Italia Libera
(September 4, 1943).
133 ‘Rapporto sulla situazione nelle fabbriche’, by Giovanni (IG,
Archivio PCI
).
1 R. Schnur,
Rivoluzione e guerra civile
, Milan: Giuffrè, 1986, p. 143 (original edition:
Revolution und Weltbürger Krieg
, Berlin: Dunker & Humblot, 1983).
2 I take this concept from a seminar held at the Department of Modern and Contemporary History of the University of Pisa by Pietro Costa, author of
Lo Stato immaginario
, Milan: Giuffrè, 1986.
3 T. Hobbes,
Leviathan
, XXI, ed. C. B. MacPherson, London: Penguin, 1985, p. 272.
4 R. Craveri,
La campagna d’Italia e i servizi segreti. La storia dell’ORI
, Milan: La Pietra, 1980, pp. 38–9.
5 Testimony by Achille Alberani (
CU
).
6 Testimony by A. S., in A. Portelli, ‘Assolutamente niente. L’esperienza degli sfollati a Terni’, in Gallerano, ed.,
L’altro dopoguerra
, p. 137. Regarding this, Portelli speaks of ‘the restoration of elementary solidaristic communities’, and makes a comparison with some pages from 1930s American literature on the effects of the Great Depression. A comparison could also be made with the description of the effect of feeling
121 H. Rousso, ‘Vichy, il grande fossato’, with an Introduction by C. Pavone in
Rivista di storia contemporanea
XIV (1985), p. 593 (original edition, ‘Vichy, le grand fossé’, in
Vingtième siècle
[January–March 1985], 5).
122 On this point see C. Pavone, ‘La continuità dello Stato’, in R. Paci, ed.,
Scritti storici in onore di Enzo Piscitelli
, Padua: Antenore, 1982, pp. 537–68, and C. Pavone, ‘Tre governi e due occupazioni’, in
L’Italia nella seconda guerra mondiale e nella Resistenza
, pp. 423–52.
123 This is what Mauro Scoccimarro wrote from Rome to the Milan headquarters, 5 October 1943 (in L. Longo,
I Centri dirigenti del PCI nella Resistenza
, Rome: Riuniti, 1974, p. 58). See also ‘Per l’unità del popolo italiano nella lotta contro il nazismo e il fascismo’, in
L’Unità
, Roman edition, 29 September 1943. This article speaks of the ‘profound marks’ left ‘in the mind of the Italians’ by the period 25 July–10 September and by the collapse of the ruling class.
124 On 27 September the Milan edition of
L’Avanti!
published an article entitled ‘Coraggio’, which read: ‘A whole civilisation is being wiped out, a whole capitalistic order with its economically costly and morally absurd contradictions is falling and will not raise itself again.’ The influence of the ex-members of the Movimento di Unità Proletaria [Movement of Proletarian Unity] (Lelio Basso) on this kind of judgment is stressed by F. Taddei,
Il socialismo italiano del dopoguerra. Correnti ideologiche e scelte politiche (1943–1947)
, Milan: Franco Angeli, 1984, p. 49.
125 Article entitled ‘Ribelli’, in
Il Ribelle
, 24 March 1944.
126 G. Pintor, ‘Il colpo di Stato del 25 luglio’, written in Naples in October 1943 and published in New York’s
Quaderni Italiani
, IV, 1944; now in G. Pintor,
Il sangue d’Europa (1939-1943)
, collected writings, ed. V. Gerratana, Turin: Einaudi, 1950, pp. 225–41 (the extract quoted is on p. 241).
127 Articles in
L’Italia Libera
, Roman edition, ‘I volontari della libertà’ (27 January 1944), and ‘Responsibilità (11 November 1943 – then reprinted in Turin as well).
128 Artom,
Diari
, p. 75 (Turin, 9 September).
129 Testimony by Settimio Piemonti, in Portelli,
Biografia di una citt
à, p. 18.
130 Minutes of the ‘meeting of the party representatives’ of some Padua factories, 18 March 1945. The episode in the text is recalled by a worker of Breda (IG,
Archivio PCI
; the document is partly published, though excluding the part cited above, in C. Pavone,
Le Brigate Garibaldi
III, pp. 490–4).
131 Testimony by Teresa Cirio, Bruzzone and Farina, eds,
La Resistenza taciuta
, pp. 79–80.
132 See N. Paruta (F. Venturi), ‘La crisi italiana (25 luglio–8 settembre)’,
Quaderni dell’Italia Libera
(September 4, 1943).
133 ‘Rapporto sulla situazione nelle fabbriche’, by Giovanni (IG,
Archivio PCI
).
1 R. Schnur,
Rivoluzione e guerra civile
, Milan: Giuffrè, 1986, p. 143 (original edition:
Revolution und Weltbürger Krieg
, Berlin: Dunker & Humblot, 1983).
2 I take this concept from a seminar held at the Department of Modern and Contemporary History of the University of Pisa by Pietro Costa, author of
Lo Stato immaginario
, Milan: Giuffrè, 1986.
3 T. Hobbes,
Leviathan
, XXI, ed. C. B. MacPherson, London: Penguin, 1985, p. 272.
4 R. Craveri,
La campagna d’Italia e i servizi segreti. La storia dell’ORI
, Milan: La Pietra, 1980, pp. 38–9.
5 Testimony by Achille Alberani (
CU
).
6 Testimony by A. S., in A. Portelli, ‘Assolutamente niente. L’esperienza degli sfollati a Terni’, in Gallerano, ed.,
L’altro dopoguerra
, p. 137. Regarding this, Portelli speaks of ‘the restoration of elementary solidaristic communities’, and makes a comparison with some pages from 1930s American literature on the effects of the Great Depression. A comparison could also be made with the description of the effect of feeling
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