The History of White People
emasculation of Gobineau’s original, while disagreeing, as had Tocqueville, with Gobineau’s fatalism. The reviewer concludes that the translation is worth reading.
Gobineau’s great vogue came with the late nineteenth-and early twentieth-century Teutomania of German nationalists like Richard Wagner, Houston Stewart Chamberlain, and Madison Grant. When a new English translation of Gobineau was published in 1915, it, rather than Nott’s, found a growing and appreciative audience of nationalists and eugenicists. No English editions of Gobineau’s Essai appeared between 1856 and 1915.
     
     

* George Gliddon had come to the United States for the second time on a similar quest, but he never found steady work and became one of Nott’s permanent dependents.
     
     

* In 1868 the Democratic nominating convention met in New York City. Seymour emerged as the party’s presidential candidate but lost to Ulysses S. Grant in the general election.
     
     

† In 1892 New York City razed the Five Points slum for the creation of Columbus Park at Mulberry and Bayard Streets in lower Manhattan. This area, a magnet for successive waves of immigrants, is currently known as New York’s Chinatown, previously Little Italy, which remains only a tourist destination.
     
     

* Among Lodge’s rare dissenters stood John Hammond Moore, a historian from Mississippi, who objected that Lodge’s sloppy methodology deprived the South of standing, which it surely did.
     
     

* “The race” would seem to indicate the human race, but its meanings in their contexts often pointed toward only middle-and upper-class whites of English descent. Walker’s demographic anxieties pertained merely to white Americans; he did not include others as Americans. Describing the American population of 1790—when Indians still lived in the Northeast and one-fifth of the enumerated population descended from Africans—Walker said that “(leaving the Africans out of account) it was all of European stock.” The terminology of “stock”—as in better or poorer—evaluated people as creatures whose whole value emerged in metaphors of animal breeding.
     
     

* Walker’s theory of a demographic driving-out survived until its refutation in 1945 in W. Lloyd Warner and Leo Srole’s The Social Systems of American Ethnic Groups .
     
     

* Neither of Ripley’s parents, however, bore the name Zebina.
     
     

* Ripley told the New York Times reporter that he had needed the extra money for his children’s education.
     
     

† In his preface Ripley says that his wife performed such “a goodly share” of the book’s preparation that he wanted to include her name on the title page. This did not occur.
     
     

* Two other seminal racist works also appeared in 1899: Houston Stewart Chamberlain, Die Grundlagen des neunzehnten Jahrhunderts (translated as Foundations of the Nineteenth Century ), and Georges Vacher de Lapouge, L’Aryen: Son rôle social, translated into German in 1939, but not English. A now forgotten, then aspiring American racist scholar, Carlos C. Closson, translated Lapouge’s shorter work on the Aryan.
     
     

* Paul Broca became the most enthusiastic French anthropometrist in the middle of the nineteenth century. But in the 1870 era of sharp military conflict between France and a newly united Germany, Broca pulled back from the association of long-headedness, Teutonic race, and enterprise. Now taking note of the close relationship between science and jingoism, Broca pointed out that the greatest scientific admirers of dolichocephaly came from northern Europe. They had relegated France to the brachycephalic zone out of racial chauvinism.
     
     

* Even though both these skulls, brachycephalic as well as dolichocephalic, came from the Netherlands, anthropologists usually classified the Netherlands as dolicho-blond territory.
     
     

* No biological bases existed then, and none exist now, for cleanly differentiating the peoples

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